In the wake of Pope Francis's more accepting comments about gay people, The Atlantic's Molly Ball writes a long essay about the vast, pro-gay changes in American churches and how they happened.
"Gradually, and largely below the radar, religious Americans have powered this momentous shift. In 2004, just 36 percent of Catholics, the Christian sect most supportive of gay marriage, favored it, along with 34 percent of mainline Protestants; today, it's 57 percent of Catholics and 55 percent of mainline Protestants. Even among white evangelical Protestants, the most hostile group to gay marriage, support has more than doubled, from 11 percent in 2004 to 24 percent in 2013. "This debate has gone from a debate between nonreligious and religious Americans to a debate dividing religious Americans," said Robert Jones, CEO of the Public Religion Research Institute, who has closely tracked the evolution in public opinion.
"This change -- from most religious Americans opposing gay rights to many of them supporting it -- didn't happen by accident. It is the fruit of an aggressive campaign by a determined gay-rights movement that realized, particularly in the wake of the 2004 elections, that you cannot win politically in America if you are arguing against religious faith. It is a recent development -- Jones dates the "tipping point" to 2011 -- and it has helped marginalize gay-marriage opponents by discrediting their most powerful claim: that they speak for the religious community."
FYI: "American Jews are by far the most supportive religious group of gay marriage: 81 percent are in favor, a greater proportion even than the 76 percent of nonreligious Americans who support it."
Ball follows Empire State Pride Agenda's Alan van Capelle, who in 2003 identified the three groups Albany politicians listen to as corporations, unions, and religious leaders, and accordingly created a trio of grassroots networks to build "an army of unusual allies" throughout New York. "By the end of the campaign, they counted 800 congregations and 1,000 clergy on their side, including the Episcopal bishop of Rochester." New York passed gay marriage in 2011.
The article points out "All four of the successful state campaigns for gay-marriage ballot measures last fall -- Maryland, Maine, Minnesota, and Washington -- had dedicated organizers working in the faith community."
Of course, there's this:
"It's no coincidence that the two sects most hostile to gay marriage are concentrated in the American South -- the region where same-sex marriage polls the worst. According to the Public Religion Research Institute, as of March 2013, 43 percent of Southerners support allowing gay and lesbian couples to marry (up from 25 percent in 2004), as opposed to 62 percent of Northeasterners, 53 percent of Midwesterners and 58 percent of Westerners. If the campaign for gay marriage is to convert this region, it will have to do so through its institutions -- primarily its conservative churches, black and white alike.
"Russell Moore, the Southern Baptists' new head of public policy, put out a statement after the Supreme Court's gay-marriage rulings in June that notably declined to criticize the decisions or inveigh against the court. "Same-sex marriage is headed for your community. This is no time for fear or outrage or politicizing," Moore wrote. "It's a time for forgiven sinners, like us, to do what the people of Christ have always done. It's time for us to point beyond our family values and our culture wars to the cross of Christ."
Noting that "Even among the most conservative Christian group in America, 51 percent of white evangelicals aged 18 to 34 now support gay marriage," Ball suggests:
"A cynic could see these churches' repositioning as a response to market pressure. As the culture changes, they fear being left behind if they don't evolve along with it, particularly considering the overwhelming sentiment of the younger generation."
Read the whole article here.